Human digestive system – How it works! (Animation)

1. Mouth:

• Mechanical Breakdown: Teeth break down food into smaller pieces through chewing.  
• Chemical Breakdown: Saliva, containing enzymes like amylase, begins breaking down carbohydrates.  

2. Esophagus:

• Peristalsis: Muscular contractions propel food down the esophagus to the stomach.  

3. Stomach:

• Mechanical Breakdown: Churns food, mixing it with gastric juices.  
• Chemical Breakdown: Gastric acid and enzymes break down proteins and kill bacteria.  

4. Small Intestine:

• Mechanical Breakdown: Peristalsis continues to mix food.
• Chemical Breakdown: Enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver further break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.  
• Absorption: Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls.  

5. Large Intestine (Colon):  

• Absorption: Absorbs water and electrolytes.  
• Waste Storage: Stores waste products until elimination.  

6. Rectum and Anus:

• Elimination: Stores and expels waste from the body.  

Key Organs and Their Roles:

• Pancreas: Produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.  
• Liver: Produces bile, which helps digest fats.  
• Gallbladder: Stores and releases bile into the small intestine.  

Overall Process:

1. Ingestion: Food enters the mouth.  
2. Digestion: Food is broken down into smaller molecules.  
3. Absorption: Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.  
4. Elimination: Waste products are expelled from the body.  

Additional Notes:

• The entire process takes several hours.  
• The digestive system is regulated by hormones and nerves.  
• A healthy diet and lifestyle are essential for optimal digestive function.