What Does Birth Control Do To The Body?
- Hormonal Birth Control (like the pill, patch, or ring): These methods contain hormones, typically estrogen and progestin, that mimic your body’s natural hormones. This disrupts your natural ovulation cycle, often preventing ovulation (egg release) altogether. They can also thicken cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach an egg, and sometimes thin the uterine lining, making implantation of a fertilized egg less likely.
- Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): These small, T-shaped devices are inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. IUDs work in multiple ways, depending on the type. Some release hormones that thicken cervical mucus and prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Others may also create a mild inflammatory response in the uterus that makes it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant.
- Barrier Methods (like condoms, diaphragms, and spermicide): These physical barriers block sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms fit over the penis and collect sperm, while diaphragms and cervical caps are inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. Spermicide is a cream, gel, or foam that kills sperm on contact.
It’s important to note that birth control can also have side effects. These vary depending on the method and individual. Some common ones include breast tenderness, mood swings, and irregular bleeding.
If you’re considering birth control, it’s wise to talk to a healthcare provider. They can discuss your options, answer your questions about side effects, and recommend the best method for you based on your health and preferences.